01 Change to the employment contract
Article 41 of the Spanish Workers' Statute provides that the terms of employment contracts may be changed by the management of the employer provided there are justified economic, technical, organisational or production reasons. Put another way: that the material change to working conditions is essential for the company to maintain its productivity and competitiveness.
What counts as a material change to working conditions? Changes affecting fundamental aspects of the job itself, such as working hours, the timetable and how working time is distributed, shift arrangements, the pay system and the amount of pay, working methods or the duties performed. Those changes can also be individual or collective.
The procedure for a material change to working conditions has to be started, as we said above, on justified grounds. Whether that justification exists is assessed by the courts if the change is challenged. Very importantly, however, while the judge's decision is pending the employee has to work under the conditions imposed unilaterally by the employer's management. Otherwise they would lose the right to challenge it.
The court's decision can therefore go one of two ways. It may find the employer's decision justified, in which case the employee has to accept the change. Or it may find the decision unjustified, in which case the employee can go back to working under the conditions that applied before the change.